International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
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Herbicide Resistant Sterile Oat Globally
(Avena sterilis)
Herbicide Resistant Sterile Oat Globally
(Avena sterilis)
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Herbicide Resistant Sterile Oat Globally
(Avena sterilis)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 Australia (South Australia) AustraliaSouth Australia1989 Canola, Chickpea, Clover, Faba beans, Lentils, Lupins, Peas, and Wheat diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, and sethoxydim 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat21
2 Australia (New South Wales ) AustraliaNew South Wales 1989 Canola, Chickpea, and Wheat diclofop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, and sethoxydim 1 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5029
3 CyprusCyprus 2010 Spring Barley diclofop-methyl 53 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5643
4 FranceFrance 2006 Wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, mesosulfuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, and pyroxsulam 17 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat9937
5 GreeceGreece 2009 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, pinoxaden, and tralkoxydim 19 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat6740
6 IranIran 2008 Wheat pinoxaden 79 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5378
7 IranIran 2009 Wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, and mesosulfuron-methyl 79 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5376
8 IsraelIsrael 2006 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, and fenoxaprop-ethyl 23 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5300
9 ItalyItaly 1992 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, diclofop-methyl, pinoxaden, sethoxydim, and tralkoxydim 24 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat1128
10 ItalyItaly 2004 Durum wheat clodinafop-propargyl, cycloxydim, iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, mesosulfuron-methyl, and pinoxaden 24 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5632
11 ItalyItaly 2007 Durum wheat iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, and mesosulfuron-methyl 24 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat8908
12 SpainSpain 2023 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, and pinoxaden 38 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat27282
13 TurkeyTurkey 1997 Wheat clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, and tralkoxydim 71 Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5101
14 TurkeyTurkey 2008 clodinafop-propargyl, and pyroxsulam 71 Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat5402
15 United KingdomUnited Kingdom 1993 Cereals, and Wheat fenoxaprop-ethyl, flamprop-methyl, fluazifop-butyl, imazamethabenz-methyl, iodosulfuron-methyl-Na, mesosulfuron-methyl, and tralkoxydim 44 Multiple Resistance: 3 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (A/1)
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (B/2)
Antimicrotubule mitotic disrupter (Z/25)
 		29Avena sterilisSterile Oat354
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